Cancer cases are increasing today. Many people immediately wonder if they have cancer when they experience pain somewhere in their body. Lung, breast, prostate, kidney, and thyroid tumors are common tumors. Compared to these, bone tumors are encountered less frequently. We can discuss bone tumors in two groups. The first is benign bone tumors, and the second is malignant bone tumors.
Benign bone tumors are usually detected incidentally on radiological imaging performed for other complaints in patients. Sometimes these tumors can also be detected as a result of fracture development because they weaken the bone. We can also examine benign tumors under 2 groups. The first group consists of tumors that limit themselves within the bone. There are many types of these masses. These masses are surgically treated if they cause pain, have weakened the bone, or if a fracture has developed. Many patients are only monitored. The masses in the second group cause destruction in the affected bone region and are continuously expanding. Such masses should always be treated. These masses do not spread to other parts of the body, but there is a possibility of recurrence even if they are treated in their location. The probability of benign bone tumors transforming into malignant tumors is very low.
Malignant tumors are not frequently encountered in society. Since they generally present late findings, diagnosis may be delayed. According to the opinion accepted by doctors, it would be more appropriate for bone tumors developing in orthopedics and traumatology patients to be treated in centers specializing in tumors. Many orthopedics and traumatology doctors refer their patients to these centers for a lesion they observe in the bone. A biopsy is performed from the mass first and a definitive diagnosis is made. In addition, computed tomography (CT) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) examinations are performed to determine whether the mass has spread to other parts of the body. In the past, such patients were treated with amputation of the leg or arm to save their lives. Today, as a result of the development of chemotherapy drugs, advancement of surgical techniques, and development of appropriate prostheses, attempts are being made to salvage the limb. Although the path to be followed varies according to the type of tumor, the generally accepted treatment approach is first to reduce the mass with chemotherapy, then to remove the mass surgically, and to try to save the limb with appropriate prostheses, plates, and bone grafts. Afterwards, chemotherapy or radiotherapy is administered again. The most important key to success in these patients is early diagnosis.
Another form of tumor is metastasis (spread) of a mass from another organ to the bone, which is more commonly seen in the elderly. The treatment of these patients is generally organized in the oncology clinic. The orthopedics and traumatology specialist plans interventions to prevent fractures that may be caused by the tumor or to treat developed fractures in these patients.
The vast majority of bone tumors are benign tumors and a large portion of them are only monitored. In the treatment of malignant masses, the primary goal is to save the patient’s life. The second goal is to treat the affected arm or leg in a way that the patient can use it. It is of vital importance for these patients to be treated by orthopedics and traumatology specialists who deal with bone tumors.
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of any medical condition.